ЕГЭ 2026. Английский язык Раздел 2 “Чтение” Тема: Sergey Timofeyevich Aksakov

Время выполнения: 30 минут • Максимальный балл: 12

ФИО: ______________________________

Класс: __________ Дата: __________

Задание 10 (базовый уровень, max 3 балла)

Тип: Понимание основного содержания текста.

Прочитайте тексты A–G и установите соответствие между ними и заголовками 1–8. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. Один заголовок лишний.

1.  A literary talent discovered in childhood

2.  A famous fairy tale with a long history

3.  A writer's influence on his children

4.  An unexpected change of career

5.  A difficult relationship with publishers

6.  A deep love of nature

7.  A home that became a cultural centre

8.  Recognition from a great writer

A.          From an early age, Aksakov was fascinated by the natural world around him. He spent hours observing birds, fish, and insects near his family's estate. Later, he wrote detailed essays about hunting and fishing that showed his deep knowledge of wildlife. His love of nature became one of the main themes in his literary work.

B.          The Scarlet Flower, perhaps Aksakov's most beloved work, was not originally his own invention. As a child, he heard the story from the family's housekeeper, Pelageya, who told it in a vivid and emotional way. Years later, Aksakov retold the tale in his own words, preserving its folk spirit. The story became a Russian classic.

Задание 10 (продолжение)

C.          Aksakov was a devoted father, and his influence on his children was significant. His sons Konstantin and Ivan became prominent public figures and leading voices of the Slavophile movement. They often discussed literature and politics at home, and their father's values shaped their worldview.

D.          Nikolai Gogol, one of Russia's greatest writers, was a close friend of Aksakov. Gogol read Aksakov's early works and encouraged him to continue writing. He recognised Aksakov's unique ability to describe Russian provincial life with honesty and warmth, something that few writers of the time could do as well.

E.          In the last years of his life, Aksakov's house in Moscow became a gathering place for writers, critics, and intellectuals. Visitors came to discuss literature, share ideas, and enjoy the warm hospitality of the Aksakov family. The house was known for its lively conversations and friendly atmosphere.

F.           As a boy, Aksakov loved reading and often wrote short stories and poems for his own amusement. However, his family did not consider literature a serious career. It was only later in life, after years of work in civil service, that he began to write professionally and discovered his true calling.

G.          For many years, Aksakov worked as a civil servant and a theatre critic. He held various government positions and wrote reviews of theatrical performances. Only in his fifties did he turn to the kind of autobiographical prose that would make him famous, proving that it is never too late to find one's true path.

Ответ:

Задание 11 (базовый уровень, max 2 балла)

Тип: Понимание структурно-смысловых связей в тексте.

Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски A–F частями предложений 1–7. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. Одна часть лишняя.

Sergey Timofeyevich Aksakov was a Russian writer whose works have become an important part of Russian literary heritage. Born in 1791 in Ufa, Aksakov spent his childhood on his grandfather's estate in the Orenburg province. It was there A ______ his lifelong passion for nature and rural life.

As a young man, Aksakov moved to Moscow to study. He became interested in literature and theatre, B ______ his professional writing career. For many years, he worked as a civil servant and wrote theatre reviews.

Aksakov's most famous works appeared relatively late in his life. 'A Family Chronicle', published in 1856, describes the history of several generations of the Bagrov family. The book is valued for its honest portrayal of Russian provincial life, C ______ in other works of the period.

His other major work, 'Childhood Years of Grandson Bagrov', is an autobiographical story D ______ the world around him. The book captures the wonder and curiosity of youth with remarkable sensitivity.

One of Aksakov's most popular works is 'The Scarlet Flower', a fairy tale E ______ from the family's housekeeper. It tells the story of a merchant's daughter who falls in love with a mysterious creature.

Aksakov died in 1859, F ______ as one of the most sincere and observant writers of 19th-century Russia.

Части предложений

1.  that he first developed

2.  but his legacy lives on

3.  and soon began

4.  a quality that was rarely found

5.  leaving behind a reputation

6.  that describes a young boy's discovery of

7.  which he had heard as a child Ответ:

Задания 12–18 (высокий уровень, max 7 баллов)

Тип: Полное понимание информации в тексте.

Прочитайте текст и выполните задания 12–18. В каждом задании запишите цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4.

Sergey Timofeyevich Aksakov: A Voice of Rural Russia

Sergey Timofeyevich Aksakov occupies a special place in Russian literature. Unlike many of his contemporaries, he did not write about grand historical events or complex philosophical ideas. Instead, he focused on the quiet, everyday life of the Russian countryside, and he did so with a sincerity that has rarely been matched.

Aksakov was born in 1791 in Ufa, a remote town in the southern Urals. His family belonged to the minor nobility, and young Sergey spent much of his childhood on his grandfather's estate in the Orenburg province. The vast steppes, the slow rivers, and the endless fields of the region left a deep impression on him. Years later, he would write about these landscapes with such vividness that readers could almost feel the wind and smell the grass.

As a young man, Aksakov was sent to Kazan to study at the gymnasium and later at the university. He was not a particularly diligent student, preferring literature and theatre to mathematics and science. After leaving the university without a degree, he moved to St. Petersburg, where he became involved in literary circles and met several prominent writers of the time.

In St. Petersburg, Aksakov met Nikolai Gogol, who would become one of his closest friends and most important literary influences. Gogol encouraged Aksakov to write about the world he knew best — the Russian provinces. 'You have something that most writers lack,' Gogol once told him, according to Aksakov's memoirs. 'You have lived among real people and you know them from the inside.'

For many years, however, Aksakov did not follow this advice. He worked as a civil servant in various government offices and wrote reviews of theatrical performances. He was a respected critic, known for his honest and sometimes sharp opinions, but he had not yet found his true voice as a writer.

Everything changed when Aksakov, already in his fifties, began to write about his childhood. The result was 'Childhood Years of Grandson Bagrov', published in 1858. The book describes the world as seen through the eyes of a sensitive and observant boy. It captures the small details of country life — the changing seasons, the behaviour of animals, the relationships between family members — with extraordinary precision and warmth.

This was followed by 'A Family Chronicle' (1856), which tells the story of several generations of the Bagrov family. The book is remarkable for its honesty. Aksakov does not idealise his ancestors; he shows them as real people with both virtues and flaws. Some relatives were unhappy with his portrayal, but readers and critics praised the book for its authenticity.

One of Aksakov's most enduring contributions to Russian culture is 'The Scarlet Flower', a fairy tale included in 'Childhood Years of Grandson Bagrov'. Aksakov heard the story from the family's housekeeper, Pelageya, a serf woman with a gift for storytelling. He retold it in his own words, and it quickly became one of the most popular fairy tales in Russia. The story of a merchant's daughter who learns to love a terrifying creature has captivated generations of readers and has been adapted into animated films and ballet.

Aksakov was also a devoted family man. His house in Moscow was always full of guests, and his children grew up in an atmosphere of intellectual discussion and cultural exchange. His sons Konstantin and Ivan became leading figures in the Slavophile movement, which emphasised the unique spiritual and cultural traditions of Russia. Although Aksakov himself was not formally part of the movement, his values — respect for family, love of the Russian land, and belief in the moral strength of ordinary people — clearly influenced his sons' thinking.

Today, Aksakov's reputation rests on his ability to describe the natural world and family life with unmatched sincerity. While writers like Tolstoy and Dostoevsky explored the grand themes of human existence, Aksakov found beauty and meaning in the simple moments of daily life. His works may not be as dramatic or as internationally famous as those of his great contemporaries, but for anyone who wants to understand what Russian provincial life was really like in the 19th century, Aksakov is an indispensable guide.

Задания 12–18

12.  According to the text, Aksakov's writing was different from his contemporaries because he

1)  wrote about grand historical events

2)  focused on complex philosophical ideas

3)  described the quiet life of the countryside

4)  preferred to write about city life

Ответ: ______

13.  Where did Aksakov spend most of his childhood?

1)  In St. Petersburg

2)  On his grandfather's estate in the Orenburg province

3)  In Kazan

4)  In Moscow

Ответ: ______

14.  What did Aksakov prefer to study at the university?

1)  Mathematics and science

2)  Literature and theatre

3)  History and philosophy

4)  Law and government

Ответ: ______

15.  What advice did Gogol give Aksakov?

1)  To write about the Russian provinces

2)  To become a civil servant

3)  To write theatrical reviews

4)  To move to Moscow

Ответ: ______

16.  How old was Aksakov when he began writing about his childhood?

1)  In his twenties

2)  In his thirties

3)  In his forties

4)  In his fifties

Ответ: ______

17.  How did some relatives react to 'A Family Chronicle'?

1)  They praised it for its authenticity

2)  They were unhappy with their portrayal

3)  They refused to read it

4)  They wanted to publish it abroad

Ответ: ______

18.  The author suggests that Aksakov's influence on his sons was evident in their 1) interest in European culture

2)     emphasis on Russia's unique traditions

3)     careers as government officials

4)     writing of autobiographical prose Ответ: ______

Ключи (для учителя)

Лишний заголовок (задание 10): 5 — A difficult relationship with publishers Лишняя часть предложения (задание 11): 2 — but his legacy lives on

Итого за раздел «Чтение»: 12 баллов